The vast majority of learner-permit rejections are caused by the signature photo or the selfie. The rules are simple: completely white background, the entire signature visible with no fingers or shadows, and a clear face photo with good lighting — no sunglasses, no filters.
If your application is rejected, don't panic. Log in to the TM portal with your ID number and Application Code, open the Task List, and it tells you exactly what to correct. Fix the photo, resubmit, and you're usually back on track within days.